diff --git a/packages/app/src/collection.ts b/packages/app/src/collection.ts
index b2d1a88..b950773 100644
--- a/packages/app/src/collection.ts
+++ b/packages/app/src/collection.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import {readable, derived, type Readable} from 'svelte/store'
 import {indexBy, type Maybe, now} from '@welshman/lib'
 import {withGetter} from '@welshman/store'
-import {getFreshness, setFreshness} from './freshness'
+import {getFreshness, setFreshnessThrottled} from './freshness'
 
 export const collection = <T, LoadArgs extends any[]>({
   name,
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ export const collection = <T, LoadArgs extends any[]>({
 
     loadAttempts.set(key, attempt + 1)
 
-    setFreshness(name, key, now())
+    setFreshnessThrottled({ns: name, key, ts: now()})
 
     const promise = load(key, ...args)
 
diff --git a/packages/app/src/freshness.ts b/packages/app/src/freshness.ts
index 4e271e0..61f4c2c 100644
--- a/packages/app/src/freshness.ts
+++ b/packages/app/src/freshness.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 import {writable} from 'svelte/store'
-import {assoc} from '@welshman/lib'
+import {assoc, batch} from '@welshman/lib'
 import {withGetter} from '@welshman/store'
 
+export type FreshnessUpdate = {
+  ns: string
+  key: string
+  ts: number
+}
+
 export const freshness = withGetter(writable<Record<string, number>>({}))
 
 export const getFreshnessKey = (ns: string, key: string) => `${ns}:${key}`
@@ -9,14 +15,15 @@ export const getFreshnessKey = (ns: string, key: string) => `${ns}:${key}`
 export const getFreshness = (ns: string, key: string) =>
   freshness.get()[getFreshnessKey(ns, key)] || 0
 
-export const setFreshness = (ns: string, key: string, ts: number) =>
+export const setFreshnessImmediate = ({ns, key, ts}: FreshnessUpdate) =>
   freshness.update(assoc(getFreshnessKey(ns, key), ts))
 
-export const setFreshnessBulk = (ns: string, updates: Record<string, number>) =>
+export const setFreshnessThrottled = batch(100, (updates: FreshnessUpdate[]) =>
   freshness.update($freshness => {
-    for (const [key, ts] of Object.entries(updates)) {
-      $freshness[key] = ts
+    for (const {ns, key, ts} of updates) {
+      $freshness[getFreshnessKey(ns, key)] = ts
     }
 
     return $freshness
   })
+)
diff --git a/packages/app/src/storage.ts b/packages/app/src/storage.ts
index c788c52..f605751 100644
--- a/packages/app/src/storage.ts
+++ b/packages/app/src/storage.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import type {IDBPDatabase} from "idb"
 import {throttle} from "throttle-debounce"
 import {writable} from "svelte/store"
 import type {Unsubscriber, Writable} from "svelte/store"
-import {indexBy, fromPairs} from "@welshman/lib"
+import {indexBy, equals, fromPairs} from "@welshman/lib"
 import type {TrustedEvent, Repository} from "@welshman/util"
 import type {Tracker} from "@welshman/net"
 import {withGetter, adapter, throttled, custom} from "@welshman/store"
@@ -69,12 +69,11 @@ export const initIndexedDbAdapter = async (name: string, adapter: IndexedDbAdapt
       const removedRecords = prevRecords.filter(r => !currentIds.has(r[adapter.keyPath]))
 
       const prevRecordsById = indexBy(item => item[adapter.keyPath], prevRecords)
-      const updatedRecords = currentRecords.filter(r => r !== prevRecordsById.get(r[adapter.keyPath]))
+      const updatedRecords = currentRecords.filter(r => !equals(r, prevRecordsById.get(r[adapter.keyPath])))
 
       prevRecords = currentRecords
 
       if (updatedRecords.length > 0) {
-
         await bulkPut(name, updatedRecords)
       }
 
@@ -141,24 +140,24 @@ export const storageAdapters = {
   fromObjectStore: <T>(store: Writable<Record<string, T>>, options: StorageAdapterOptions = {}) => ({
     options,
     keyPath: "key",
-    store: throttled(options.throttle || 0, adapter({
-      store: store,
+    store: adapter({
+      store: throttled(options.throttle || 0, store),
       forward: ($data: Record<string, T>) =>
         Object.entries($data).map(([key, value]) => ({key, value})),
       backward: (data: {key: string, value: T}[]) =>
         fromPairs(data.map(({key, value}) => [key, value])),
-    })),
+    }),
   }),
   fromMapStore: <T>(store: Writable<Map<string, T>>, options: StorageAdapterOptions = {}) => ({
     options,
     keyPath: "key",
-    store: throttled(options.throttle || 0, adapter({
-      store: store,
+    store: adapter({
+      store: throttled(options.throttle || 0, store),
       forward: ($data: Map<string, T>) =>
         Array.from($data.entries()).map(([key, value]) => ({key, value})),
       backward: (data: {key: string, value: T}[]) =>
         new Map(data.map(({key, value}) => [key, value])),
-    })),
+    }),
   }),
   fromTracker: (tracker: Tracker, options: StorageAdapterOptions = {}) => ({
     options,