diff --git a/backend/src/api.rs b/backend/src/api.rs
index 03b6e01..52e5887 100644
--- a/backend/src/api.rs
+++ b/backend/src/api.rs
@@ -18,8 +18,7 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use anyhow::{Result, anyhow, ensure};
 use axum::{
-    Router,
-    async_trait,
+    Router, async_trait,
     extract::FromRequestParts,
     http::{HeaderMap, request::Parts},
     routing::{get, post},
@@ -32,9 +31,8 @@ use crate::env;
 use crate::models::{Relay, Tenant};
 use crate::query;
 use crate::robot::Robot;
-use crate::stripe::Stripe;
 use crate::routes::identity::get_identity;
-use crate::routes::invoices::{get_invoice, get_invoice_bolt11, get_tenant_latest_invoice};
+use crate::routes::invoices::{get_invoice, get_invoice_bolt11, list_invoice_items};
 use crate::routes::plans::{get_plan, list_plans};
 use crate::routes::relays::{
     create_relay, deactivate_relay, get_relay, list_relay_activity, list_relay_members,
@@ -44,6 +42,7 @@ use crate::routes::tenants::{
     create_stripe_session, create_tenant, get_tenant, list_tenant_invoices, list_tenant_relays,
     list_tenants, update_tenant,
 };
+use crate::stripe::Stripe;
 use crate::web::{ApiError, forbidden, internal, not_found, unauthorized};
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
@@ -74,10 +73,9 @@ impl Api {
             .route("/tenants/:pubkey/relays", get(list_tenant_relays))
             .route("/tenants/:pubkey/invoices", get(list_tenant_invoices))
             .route(
-                "/tenants/:pubkey/invoices/latest",
-                get(get_tenant_latest_invoice),
+                "/tenants/:pubkey/stripe/session",
+                get(create_stripe_session),
             )
-            .route("/tenants/:pubkey/stripe/session", get(create_stripe_session))
             .route("/relays", get(list_relays).post(create_relay))
             .route("/relays/:id", get(get_relay).put(update_relay))
             .route("/relays/:id/members", get(list_relay_members))
@@ -86,6 +84,7 @@ impl Api {
             .route("/relays/:id/reactivate", post(reactivate_relay))
             .route("/invoices/:id", get(get_invoice))
             .route("/invoices/:id/bolt11", get(get_invoice_bolt11))
+            .route("/invoices/:id/items", get(list_invoice_items))
             .with_state(api)
     }
 
@@ -185,7 +184,10 @@ impl Api {
             .last()
             .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("missing u tag"))?;
 
-        ensure!(got_u == env::get().server_host, "authorization host mismatch");
+        ensure!(
+            got_u == env::get().server_host,
+            "authorization host mismatch"
+        );
 
         Ok(event.pubkey.to_hex())
     }
diff --git a/backend/src/billing.rs b/backend/src/billing.rs
index 0de6541..71be8ef 100644
--- a/backend/src/billing.rs
+++ b/backend/src/billing.rs
@@ -14,9 +14,12 @@ use crate::wallet::Wallet;
 
 const POLL_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(60 * 60);
 const GRACE_PERIOD_SECS: i64 = 7 * 24 * 60 * 60;
+/// Hold the manual-payment DM until an open invoice is at least this old. A freshly
+/// issued invoice is surfaced to the tenant in-app first (e.g. right after they
+/// create a relay), so we don't also nag by DM on the first dunning cycles.
+const FRESH_INVOICE_DM_GRACE_SECS: i64 = 24 * 60 * 60;
 const MANUAL_PAYMENT_DM: &str = "Payment is due for your relay subscription. Open the link below to review the invoice and pay by Lightning or card:";
-const USER_ERROR_PREFIX: &str = "Auto-payment failed:";
-const USER_ERROR_MAX_CHARS: usize = 240;
+const CHURN_DM: &str = "Your relay subscription is past due, so your relays have been paused. You can restore service any time by adding a payment method or paying an invoice from your dashboard:";
 
 /// Owns subscription billing: it reconciles tenant activity into invoice items,
 /// renews subscriptions each period, and collects payment (Lightning, then a
@@ -54,10 +57,13 @@ impl Billing {
     async fn reconcile_subscriptions(&self) -> Result<()> {
         let tenants = query::list_tenants().await?;
 
-        tracing::info!(tenant_count = tenants.len(), "reconciling all subscriptions");
+        tracing::info!(
+            tenant_count = tenants.len(),
+            "reconciling all subscriptions"
+        );
 
         for tenant in tenants {
-            if let Err(error) = self.reconcile_subscription(&tenant).await {
+            if let Err(error) = self.reconcile_subscription(&tenant, true).await {
                 tracing::error!(
                     tenant = %tenant.pubkey,
                     error = ?error,
@@ -73,10 +79,13 @@ impl Billing {
 
     /// Reconciles a tenant's billing: re-activates them if a churned tenant has
     /// re-engaged, folds billable activity into line items (setting the billing
-    /// anchor on the first), renews the current period if due, claims outstanding
-    /// items onto an invoice, and then collects every open invoice — churning the
-    /// tenant if one has gone unpaid past the grace period.
-    pub async fn reconcile_subscription(&self, tenant: &Tenant) -> Result<()> {
+    /// anchor based on the first one), renews the current period if due, and claims
+    /// outstanding items onto an invoice.
+    pub async fn reconcile_subscription(
+        &self,
+        tenant: &Tenant,
+        attempt_payment: bool,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
         let mut tenant = tenant.clone();
 
         let activities = query::list_billable_activity(&tenant.pubkey).await?;
@@ -110,9 +119,11 @@ impl Billing {
             command::create_invoice(&tenant, &period).await?;
         }
 
-        // Retry payment on every open invoice (this also pays one just created),
-        // churning the tenant if the oldest has aged past the grace period.
-        self.collect_open_invoices(&tenant).await?;
+        // Attempt payment on every open invoice after syncing with stripe.
+        if attempt_payment {
+            self.sync_stripe_customer(&mut tenant).await?;
+            self.collect_open_invoices(&tenant).await?;
+        }
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -140,7 +151,7 @@ impl Billing {
         };
 
         match invoice_item {
-            Some(ref item) => command::insert_invoice_item_for_activity(&item, &activity.id).await,
+            Some(ref item) => command::insert_invoice_item_for_activity(item, &activity.id).await,
             None => command::mark_activity_billed(&activity.id).await,
         }
     }
@@ -242,7 +253,11 @@ impl Billing {
             else {
                 continue;
             };
-            let Snapshot::Relay { plan: plan_id, status, .. } = &*activity.snapshot;
+            let Snapshot::Relay {
+                plan: plan_id,
+                status,
+                ..
+            } = &*activity.snapshot;
             if status != RELAY_STATUS_ACTIVE {
                 continue;
             }
@@ -270,6 +285,37 @@ impl Billing {
 
     // --- Payments ---
 
+    /// Dunning pass over a tenant's open invoices: if the oldest has been unpaid
+    /// past the grace period, churn the tenant; otherwise retry payment on each.
+    async fn collect_open_invoices(&self, tenant: &Tenant) -> Result<()> {
+        let open = query::list_open_invoices(&tenant.pubkey).await?;
+        let Some(oldest) = open.first() else {
+            return Ok(());
+        };
+
+        let now = chrono::Utc::now().timestamp();
+        if now - oldest.created_at >= GRACE_PERIOD_SECS {
+            if tenant.churned_at.is_none() {
+                let relays = query::list_relays_for_tenant(&tenant.pubkey).await?;
+                command::churn_tenant(&tenant.pubkey, now, &relays).await?;
+
+                // Notify the tenant once, on the transition into churn (the guard
+                // above fires this a single time). Log-and-continue on failure.
+                let message = format!("{CHURN_DM}\n\n{}/account", env::get().app_url);
+                if let Err(e) = self.robot.send_dm(&tenant.pubkey, &message).await {
+                    tracing::error!(tenant = %tenant.pubkey, error = %e, "failed to send churn DM");
+                }
+            }
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
+        for invoice in &open {
+            self.attempt_payment(tenant, invoice).await?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     /// Collect an invoice via NWC, then a saved card, then a manual DM. A failing
     /// method's error is stored on the tenant (to warn them in the UI) but never
     /// aborts the cascade or future retries; a method's error is cleared when it
@@ -294,12 +340,11 @@ impl Billing {
             return Ok(());
         }
 
-        // 3. Payment method on file: if the tenant has one saved, charge it via Stripe.
-        if let Some(payment_method) =
-            self.stripe.get_saved_payment_method(&tenant.stripe_customer_id).await?
-        {
+        // 3. Payment method on file: charge the tenant's cached Stripe payment
+        // method, kept fresh by sync_stripe_payment_method before collection.
+        if let Some(payment_method) = &tenant.stripe_payment_method_id {
             match self
-                .attempt_payment_using_stripe(tenant, invoice, &payment_method)
+                .attempt_payment_using_stripe(tenant, invoice, payment_method)
                 .await
             {
                 Ok(()) => return Ok(()),
@@ -308,8 +353,10 @@ impl Billing {
         }
 
         // 4. Manual payment: DM a link to the in-app payment page for this invoice.
-        let summary = error_message.as_deref().and_then(summarize_error_message);
-        if let Err(e) = self.attempt_payment_using_dm(tenant, invoice, summary).await {
+        if let Err(e) = self
+            .attempt_payment_using_dm(tenant, invoice, error_message)
+            .await
+        {
             tracing::error!(
                 tenant = %tenant.pubkey,
                 error = %e,
@@ -375,15 +422,23 @@ impl Billing {
         &self,
         tenant: &Tenant,
         invoice: &Invoice,
-        error_message: Option<String>,
+        error: Option<String>,
     ) -> Result<()> {
+        // If the invoice was just generated, give the user a chance to check the dashboard before nagging them.
+        let now = chrono::Utc::now().timestamp();
+        if now - invoice.created_at < FRESH_INVOICE_DM_GRACE_SECS {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
         let invoice_id = &invoice.id;
         let url_base = &env::get().app_url;
         let payment_url = format!("{url_base}/account?invoice={invoice_id}");
         let base = format!("{MANUAL_PAYMENT_DM}\n\n{payment_url}");
-        let dm_message = match error_message {
-            Some(error_message) if !error_message.is_empty() => {
-                format!("{base}\n\n{USER_ERROR_PREFIX} {error_message}")
+        let dm_message = match error {
+            Some(error) if !error.is_empty() => {
+                let limit: usize = 240;
+                let summary = error.chars().take(limit.saturating_sub(3)).collect::<String>();
+                format!("{base}\n\nAuto-payment failed: {summary}")
             }
             _ => base,
         };
@@ -391,32 +446,6 @@ impl Billing {
         self.robot.send_dm(&tenant.pubkey, &dm_message).await
     }
 
-    // --- Dunning ---
-
-    /// Dunning pass over a tenant's open invoices: if the oldest has been unpaid
-    /// past the grace period, churn the tenant; otherwise retry payment on each.
-    async fn collect_open_invoices(&self, tenant: &Tenant) -> Result<()> {
-        let open = query::list_open_invoices(&tenant.pubkey).await?;
-        let Some(oldest) = open.first() else {
-            return Ok(());
-        };
-
-        let now = chrono::Utc::now().timestamp();
-        if now - oldest.created_at >= GRACE_PERIOD_SECS {
-            if tenant.churned_at.is_none() {
-                let relays = query::list_relays_for_tenant(&tenant.pubkey).await?;
-                command::churn_tenant(&tenant.pubkey, now, &relays).await?;
-            }
-            return Ok(());
-        }
-
-        for invoice in &open {
-            self.attempt_payment(tenant, invoice).await?;
-        }
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
     // --- Bolt11 utils ---
 
     pub async fn ensure_bolt11(&self, invoice: &Invoice) -> Result<Bolt11> {
@@ -455,6 +484,37 @@ impl Billing {
             Ok(bolt11)
         }
     }
+
+    // --- Stripe utils ---
+
+    /// Copy down any stripe-related stuff to our local tenant model. Fail gracefully.
+    pub async fn sync_stripe_customer(&self, tenant: &mut Tenant) -> Result<()> {
+        match self.sync_stripe_payment_method(tenant).await {
+            Ok(payment_method_id) => {
+                tenant.stripe_payment_method_id = payment_method_id;
+            }
+            Err(error) => {
+                tracing::error!(tenant = %tenant.pubkey, error = ?error, "failed to sync payment method");
+            }
+        };
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Refresh the cached Stripe payment method from Stripe so collection can charge
+    /// it directly and the UI reflects cards added via the portal.
+    async fn sync_stripe_payment_method(&self, tenant: &Tenant) -> Result<Option<String>> {
+        let payment_method_id = self
+            .stripe
+            .get_saved_payment_method(&tenant.stripe_customer_id)
+            .await?;
+
+        if payment_method_id != tenant.stripe_payment_method_id {
+            command::set_tenant_stripe_payment_method(&tenant.pubkey, &payment_method_id).await?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(payment_method_id)
+    }
 }
 
 /// One tenant's monthly billing period containing some timestamp, anchored at
@@ -517,19 +577,3 @@ impl BillingPeriod {
         (amount as f64 * self.fraction_remaining(at)).round() as i64
     }
 }
-
-fn summarize_error_message(error: &str) -> Option<String> {
-    let normalized = error.split_whitespace().collect::<Vec<_>>().join(" ");
-    if normalized.is_empty() {
-        return None;
-    }
-
-    if normalized.chars().count() <= USER_ERROR_MAX_CHARS {
-        return Some(normalized);
-    }
-
-    let prefix_len = USER_ERROR_MAX_CHARS.saturating_sub(3);
-    let mut truncated = normalized.chars().take(prefix_len).collect::<String>();
-    truncated.push_str("...");
-    Some(truncated)
-}
diff --git a/backend/src/bitcoin.rs b/backend/src/bitcoin.rs
index 58025ac..db1be9b 100644
--- a/backend/src/bitcoin.rs
+++ b/backend/src/bitcoin.rs
@@ -27,8 +27,7 @@ pub async fn get_bitcoin_price(currency: &str) -> Result<f64> {
     let resp = http.get(url).send().await?;
     let body: CoinbaseSpotPriceResponse = resp.error_for_status()?.json().await?;
 
-    body
-        .data
+    body.data
         .amount
         .parse::<f64>()
         .map_err(|e| anyhow!("invalid BTC spot quote for {currency}: {e}"))
diff --git a/backend/src/command.rs b/backend/src/command.rs
index 7939bf8..a7379d5 100644
--- a/backend/src/command.rs
+++ b/backend/src/command.rs
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@ pub async fn create_tenant(tenant: &Tenant) -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// Update a tenant's NWC credentials, clearing any stored NWC error so a fresh
+/// wallet starts from a clean slate (it re-errors on the next charge if invalid).
 pub async fn update_tenant(tenant: &Tenant) -> Result<()> {
-    sqlx::query("UPDATE tenant SET nwc_url = ? WHERE pubkey = ?")
+    sqlx::query("UPDATE tenant SET nwc_url = ?, nwc_error = NULL WHERE pubkey = ?")
         .bind(&tenant.nwc_url)
         .bind(&tenant.pubkey)
         .execute(pool())
@@ -34,6 +36,24 @@ pub async fn update_tenant(tenant: &Tenant) -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// Cache the tenant's Stripe payment method id (or clear it with `None`) and clear
+/// any stored Stripe error. Called when a card is (re)attached via the portal or
+/// detected during reconciliation, so collection can charge it directly and the UI
+/// reflects the change.
+pub async fn set_tenant_stripe_payment_method(
+    pubkey: &str,
+    payment_method_id: &Option<String>,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    sqlx::query(
+        "UPDATE tenant SET stripe_payment_method_id = ?, stripe_error = NULL WHERE pubkey = ?",
+    )
+    .bind(payment_method_id)
+    .bind(pubkey)
+    .execute(pool())
+    .await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 pub async fn set_tenant_billing_anchor(tenant: &Tenant) -> Result<()> {
     sqlx::query("UPDATE tenant SET billing_anchor = ? WHERE pubkey = ?")
         .bind(tenant.billing_anchor)
@@ -70,9 +90,13 @@ pub async fn churn_tenant(tenant_pubkey: &str, now: i64, relays: &[Relay]) -> Re
         let mut activities = Vec::new();
         for relay in relays {
             if relay.status == RELAY_STATUS_ACTIVE {
-                let activity =
-                    set_relay_status_tx(tx, relay, RELAY_STATUS_DELINQUENT, "mark_relay_delinquent")
-                        .await?;
+                let activity = set_relay_status_tx(
+                    tx,
+                    relay,
+                    RELAY_STATUS_DELINQUENT,
+                    "mark_relay_delinquent",
+                )
+                .await?;
                 activities.push(activity);
             }
         }
@@ -252,7 +276,10 @@ pub async fn complete_relay_sync(relay: &Relay) -> Result<()> {
 
 /// Persist a reconciled activity's line item and mark the activity billed in one
 /// transaction, so a recovery pass never re-bills it.
-pub async fn insert_invoice_item_for_activity(invoice_item: &InvoiceItem, activity_id: &str) -> Result<()> {
+pub async fn insert_invoice_item_for_activity(
+    invoice_item: &InvoiceItem,
+    activity_id: &str,
+) -> Result<()> {
     let now = chrono::Utc::now().timestamp();
 
     with_tx(async |tx| {
@@ -282,12 +309,11 @@ pub async fn insert_invoice_items_for_renewal(
     with_tx(async |tx| {
         // Re-read the marker inside the transaction so the guard and the writes
         // commit together — this ensures idempotency so we don't double-invoice.
-        let renewed_at = sqlx::query_scalar::<_, Option<i64>>(
-            "SELECT renewed_at FROM tenant WHERE pubkey = ?",
-        )
-        .bind(tenant_pubkey)
-        .fetch_one(&mut **tx)
-        .await?;
+        let renewed_at =
+            sqlx::query_scalar::<_, Option<i64>>("SELECT renewed_at FROM tenant WHERE pubkey = ?")
+                .bind(tenant_pubkey)
+                .fetch_one(&mut **tx)
+                .await?;
 
         if renewed_at.is_some_and(|at| at >= period.start) {
             return Ok(());
@@ -339,7 +365,7 @@ pub async fn create_invoice(tenant: &Tenant, period: &BillingPeriod) -> Result<O
             return Ok(None);
         }
 
-        let invoice = insert_invoice_tx(tx, &tenant, &period, total).await?;
+        let invoice = insert_invoice_tx(tx, tenant, period, total).await?;
 
         sqlx::query(
             "UPDATE invoice_item SET invoice_id = ?
@@ -485,14 +511,17 @@ async fn insert_invoice_tx(
     .bind(invoice_id)
     .bind(&tenant.pubkey)
     .bind(amount)
-    .bind(&period.start)
+    .bind(period.start)
     .bind(period.end)
     .bind(now)
     .fetch_one(&mut **tx)
     .await?)
 }
 
-async fn insert_invoice_item_tx(tx: &mut Transaction<'_, Sqlite>, item: &InvoiceItem) -> Result<()> {
+async fn insert_invoice_item_tx(
+    tx: &mut Transaction<'_, Sqlite>,
+    item: &InvoiceItem,
+) -> Result<()> {
     sqlx::query(
         "INSERT INTO invoice_item
             (id, invoice_id, activity_id, tenant_pubkey, relay_id, plan_id, amount, description, created_at)
@@ -520,11 +549,12 @@ async fn mark_activity_billed_tx(
     activity_id: &str,
     billed_at: i64,
 ) -> Result<bool> {
-    let result = sqlx::query("UPDATE activity SET billed_at = ? WHERE id = ? AND billed_at IS NULL")
-        .bind(billed_at)
-        .bind(activity_id)
-        .execute(&mut **tx)
-        .await?;
+    let result =
+        sqlx::query("UPDATE activity SET billed_at = ? WHERE id = ? AND billed_at IS NULL")
+            .bind(billed_at)
+            .bind(activity_id)
+            .execute(&mut **tx)
+            .await?;
     Ok(result.rows_affected() > 0)
 }
 
@@ -578,7 +608,10 @@ async fn mark_invoice_paid_tx(
 
 /// Void all of a tenant's open invoices, forgiving the balance — used when a
 /// tenant churns or re-activates, so old debt never has to be collected.
-async fn void_open_invoices_tx(tx: &mut Transaction<'_, Sqlite>, tenant_pubkey: &str) -> Result<()> {
+async fn void_open_invoices_tx(
+    tx: &mut Transaction<'_, Sqlite>,
+    tenant_pubkey: &str,
+) -> Result<()> {
     let voided_at = chrono::Utc::now().timestamp();
 
     sqlx::query(
@@ -615,7 +648,10 @@ async fn clear_tenant_nwc_error_tx(tx: &mut Transaction<'_, Sqlite>, pubkey: &st
     Ok(())
 }
 
-async fn clear_tenant_stripe_error_tx(tx: &mut Transaction<'_, Sqlite>, pubkey: &str) -> Result<()> {
+async fn clear_tenant_stripe_error_tx(
+    tx: &mut Transaction<'_, Sqlite>,
+    pubkey: &str,
+) -> Result<()> {
     sqlx::query("UPDATE tenant SET stripe_error = NULL WHERE pubkey = ?")
         .bind(pubkey)
         .execute(&mut **tx)
diff --git a/backend/src/infra.rs b/backend/src/infra.rs
index d534362..855a509 100644
--- a/backend/src/infra.rs
+++ b/backend/src/infra.rs
@@ -74,7 +74,11 @@ async fn reconcile_relay_state(source: &str) -> Result<()> {
         return Ok(());
     }
 
-    tracing::info!(source, relay_count = relays.len(), "reconciling pending relay state");
+    tracing::info!(
+        source,
+        relay_count = relays.len(),
+        "reconciling pending relay state"
+    );
 
     for relay in relays {
         if relay.sync_error.trim().is_empty() {
@@ -229,7 +233,11 @@ async fn try_sync_relay(relay: &Relay) -> Result<()> {
         );
     }
 
-    let method = if is_new { HttpMethod::POST } else { HttpMethod::PATCH };
+    let method = if is_new {
+        HttpMethod::POST
+    } else {
+        HttpMethod::PATCH
+    };
     request(method, &format!("relay/{}", relay.id), Some(&body)).await?;
     Ok(())
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/lib.rs b/backend/src/lib.rs
index 16a0d8d..cde3fe9 100644
--- a/backend/src/lib.rs
+++ b/backend/src/lib.rs
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ pub mod api;
 pub mod billing;
 pub mod bitcoin;
 pub mod command;
+pub mod db;
 pub mod env;
 pub mod infra;
 pub mod models;
-pub mod db;
 pub mod query;
 pub mod robot;
 pub mod routes;
diff --git a/backend/src/main.rs b/backend/src/main.rs
index 9b52f2c..2188bcb 100644
--- a/backend/src/main.rs
+++ b/backend/src/main.rs
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ mod api;
 mod billing;
 mod bitcoin;
 mod command;
+mod db;
 mod env;
 mod infra;
 mod models;
-mod db;
 mod query;
 mod robot;
 mod routes;
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ mod web;
 use anyhow::Result;
 use tracing_subscriber::{layer::SubscriberExt, util::SubscriberInitExt};
 
-use tower_http::cors::{AllowOrigin, CorsLayer, Any};
+use tower_http::cors::{AllowOrigin, Any, CorsLayer};
 
 use crate::api::Api;
 use crate::billing::Billing;
@@ -61,8 +61,7 @@ async fn main() -> Result<()> {
         billing.start().await;
     });
 
-    let listener =
-        tokio::net::TcpListener::bind(format!(
+    let listener = tokio::net::TcpListener::bind(format!(
         "{}:{}",
         env::get().server_host,
         env::get().server_port
diff --git a/backend/src/models.rs b/backend/src/models.rs
index 409047c..ccb6801 100644
--- a/backend/src/models.rs
+++ b/backend/src/models.rs
@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ pub struct Tenant {
     pub nwc_url: String,
     /// Last NWC auto-payment error, or `None` when the wallet last paid (or has
     /// never been tried). Surfaced in the UI to warn the user; it never blocks a
-    /// retry — the next reconcile attempts payment again regardless.
+    /// retry — the next reconcile attempts payment again regardless. Also cleared
+    /// when the tenant updates their NWC credentials.
     pub nwc_error: Option<String>,
     /// Last Stripe auto-payment error, with the same semantics as `nwc_error`.
     pub stripe_error: Option<String>,
@@ -122,40 +123,43 @@ impl Default for Relay {
 /// balance forgiven when the tenant churns).
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, sqlx::FromRow)]
 pub struct Invoice {
-  pub id: String,
-  pub tenant_pubkey: String,
-  /// The total owed, fixed when the invoice is cut from its outstanding line
-  /// items, so collection never has to re-sum them.
-  pub amount: i64,
-  pub period_start: i64,
-  pub period_end: i64,
-  pub created_at: i64,
-  pub paid_at: Option<i64>,
-  pub voided_at: Option<i64>,
+    pub id: String,
+    pub tenant_pubkey: String,
+    /// The total owed, fixed when the invoice is cut from its outstanding line
+    /// items, so collection never has to re-sum them.
+    pub amount: i64,
+    pub period_start: i64,
+    pub period_end: i64,
+    pub created_at: i64,
+    pub paid_at: Option<i64>,
+    pub voided_at: Option<i64>,
+    /// How the invoice was paid — `nwc`, `stripe`, or `oob` (out-of-band
+    /// Lightning) — set when it is marked paid; `None` while open or void.
+    pub method: Option<String>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, sqlx::FromRow)]
 pub struct InvoiceItem {
-  pub id: String,
-  /// `None` while outstanding; set once the item is claimed onto an invoice.
-  pub invoice_id: Option<String>,
-  /// `None` for renewal items, which have no source activity.
-  pub activity_id: Option<String>,
-  pub tenant_pubkey: String,
-  pub relay_id: String,
-  pub plan_id: String,
-  pub amount: i64,
-  pub description: String,
-  pub created_at: i64,
+    pub id: String,
+    /// `None` while outstanding; set once the item is claimed onto an invoice.
+    pub invoice_id: Option<String>,
+    /// `None` for renewal items, which have no source activity.
+    pub activity_id: Option<String>,
+    pub tenant_pubkey: String,
+    pub relay_id: String,
+    pub plan_id: String,
+    pub amount: i64,
+    pub description: String,
+    pub created_at: i64,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, sqlx::FromRow)]
 pub struct Bolt11 {
-  pub id: String,
-  pub invoice_id: String,
-  pub lnbc: String,
-  pub msats: i64,
-  pub created_at: i64,
-  pub expires_at: i64,
-  pub settled_at: Option<i64>,
+    pub id: String,
+    pub invoice_id: String,
+    pub lnbc: String,
+    pub msats: i64,
+    pub created_at: i64,
+    pub expires_at: i64,
+    pub settled_at: Option<i64>,
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/query.rs b/backend/src/query.rs
index c574986..2f00571 100644
--- a/backend/src/query.rs
+++ b/backend/src/query.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use anyhow::{Result, anyhow};
 
-use crate::models::{Activity, Bolt11, Invoice, Plan, Relay, Tenant};
 use crate::db::pool;
+use crate::models::{Activity, Bolt11, Invoice, InvoiceItem, Plan, Relay, Tenant};
 
 fn select_tenant(tail: &str) -> String {
     format!("SELECT * FROM tenant {tail}")
@@ -62,10 +62,12 @@ pub async fn list_tenants() -> Result<Vec<Tenant>> {
 }
 
 pub async fn get_tenant(pubkey: &str) -> Result<Option<Tenant>> {
-    Ok(sqlx::query_as::<_, Tenant>(&select_tenant("WHERE pubkey = ?"))
-        .bind(pubkey)
-        .fetch_optional(pool())
-        .await?)
+    Ok(
+        sqlx::query_as::<_, Tenant>(&select_tenant("WHERE pubkey = ?"))
+            .bind(pubkey)
+            .fetch_optional(pool())
+            .await?,
+    )
 }
 
 // --- Relays ---
@@ -85,10 +87,12 @@ pub async fn list_relays_pending_sync() -> Result<Vec<Relay>> {
 }
 
 pub async fn list_relays_for_tenant(tenant_pubkey: &str) -> Result<Vec<Relay>> {
-    Ok(sqlx::query_as::<_, Relay>(&select_relay("WHERE tenant_pubkey = ?"))
-        .bind(tenant_pubkey)
-        .fetch_all(pool())
-        .await?)
+    Ok(
+        sqlx::query_as::<_, Relay>(&select_relay("WHERE tenant_pubkey = ?"))
+            .bind(tenant_pubkey)
+            .fetch_all(pool())
+            .await?,
+    )
 }
 
 pub async fn get_relay(id: &str) -> Result<Option<Relay>> {
@@ -119,10 +123,12 @@ pub async fn get_relay_plan_before(relay_id: &str, before: i64) -> Result<Option
 // --- Invoices ---
 
 pub async fn get_invoice(invoice_id: &str) -> Result<Option<Invoice>> {
-    Ok(sqlx::query_as::<_, Invoice>("SELECT * FROM invoice WHERE id = ?")
-        .bind(invoice_id)
-        .fetch_optional(pool())
-        .await?)
+    Ok(
+        sqlx::query_as::<_, Invoice>("SELECT * FROM invoice WHERE id = ?")
+            .bind(invoice_id)
+            .fetch_optional(pool())
+            .await?,
+    )
 }
 
 pub async fn list_invoices(tenant_pubkey: &str) -> Result<Vec<Invoice>> {
@@ -134,12 +140,14 @@ pub async fn list_invoices(tenant_pubkey: &str) -> Result<Vec<Invoice>> {
     .await?)
 }
 
-pub async fn get_latest_invoice(tenant_pubkey: &str) -> Result<Option<Invoice>> {
-    Ok(sqlx::query_as::<_, Invoice>(
-        "SELECT * FROM invoice WHERE tenant_pubkey = ? ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1",
+/// The line items claimed onto an invoice, oldest first. Used to render an
+/// invoice's contents (and its downloadable copy) from what was actually billed.
+pub async fn list_invoice_items_for_invoice(invoice_id: &str) -> Result<Vec<InvoiceItem>> {
+    Ok(sqlx::query_as::<_, InvoiceItem>(
+        "SELECT * FROM invoice_item WHERE invoice_id = ? ORDER BY created_at ASC",
     )
-    .bind(tenant_pubkey)
-    .fetch_optional(pool())
+    .bind(invoice_id)
+    .fetch_all(pool())
     .await?)
 }
 
@@ -159,10 +167,12 @@ pub async fn list_open_invoices(tenant_pubkey: &str) -> Result<Vec<Invoice>> {
 // --- Bolt11 ---
 
 pub async fn get_bolt11(bolt11_id: &str) -> Result<Option<Bolt11>> {
-    Ok(sqlx::query_as::<_, Bolt11>("SELECT * FROM bolt11 WHERE id = ?")
-        .bind(bolt11_id)
-        .fetch_optional(pool())
-        .await?)
+    Ok(
+        sqlx::query_as::<_, Bolt11>("SELECT * FROM bolt11 WHERE id = ?")
+            .bind(bolt11_id)
+            .fetch_optional(pool())
+            .await?,
+    )
 }
 
 pub async fn get_bolt11_for_invoice(invoice_id: &str) -> Result<Option<Bolt11>> {
diff --git a/backend/src/robot.rs b/backend/src/robot.rs
index b878553..5c678f3 100644
--- a/backend/src/robot.rs
+++ b/backend/src/robot.rs
@@ -43,10 +43,7 @@ impl Robot {
         Ok(client)
     }
 
-
-    async fn publish_identity(
-        &self,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
+    async fn publish_identity(&self) -> Result<()> {
         let mut metadata = Metadata::new();
         if !env::get().robot_name.is_empty() {
             metadata = metadata.name(&env::get().robot_name);
@@ -65,7 +62,8 @@ impl Robot {
             .send_event_builder(EventBuilder::metadata(&metadata))
             .await?;
 
-        let outbox_tags = env::get().robot_outbox_relays
+        let outbox_tags = env::get()
+            .robot_outbox_relays
             .iter()
             .map(|r| Tag::parse(["r", r.as_str()]))
             .collect::<std::result::Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
@@ -73,7 +71,8 @@ impl Robot {
             .send_event_builder(EventBuilder::new(Kind::Custom(10002), "").tags(outbox_tags))
             .await?;
 
-        let messaging_tags = env::get().robot_messaging_relays
+        let messaging_tags = env::get()
+            .robot_messaging_relays
             .iter()
             .map(|r| Tag::parse(["relay", r.as_str()]))
             .collect::<std::result::Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
@@ -100,7 +99,9 @@ impl Robot {
 
         let recipient_pubkey = PublicKey::parse(recipient)?;
         let client = self.make_client(&dm_relays).await?;
-        client.send_private_msg(recipient_pubkey, message, []).await?;
+        client
+            .send_private_msg(recipient_pubkey, message, [])
+            .await?;
         Ok(())
     }
 
@@ -132,8 +133,14 @@ impl Robot {
     pub async fn fetch_nostr_name(&self, pubkey: &str) -> Option<String> {
         let pubkey = PublicKey::parse(pubkey).ok()?;
         let filter = Filter::new().author(pubkey).kind(Kind::Metadata).limit(1);
-        let client = self.make_client(&env::get().robot_indexer_relays).await.ok()?;
-        let events = client.fetch_events(filter, Duration::from_secs(5)).await.ok()?;
+        let client = self
+            .make_client(&env::get().robot_indexer_relays)
+            .await
+            .ok()?;
+        let events = client
+            .fetch_events(filter, Duration::from_secs(5))
+            .await
+            .ok()?;
         let event = events.into_iter().max_by_key(|e| e.created_at)?;
         let content: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&event.content).ok()?;
         let name = content
diff --git a/backend/src/routes/invoices.rs b/backend/src/routes/invoices.rs
index dd7bbe1..4689cc0 100644
--- a/backend/src/routes/invoices.rs
+++ b/backend/src/routes/invoices.rs
@@ -6,26 +6,6 @@ use crate::api::{Api, AuthedPubkey};
 use crate::query;
 use crate::web::{ApiResult, internal, not_found, ok};
 
-/// The tenant's most recent invoice, after first materializing any outstanding
-/// line items into a fresh one — so the frontend can collect payment right after
-/// a change (e.g. creating a relay). Payment isn't attempted here; the caller
-/// drives it via the bolt11/Stripe endpoints. `null` when the tenant has no
-/// invoices and nothing is outstanding.
-pub async fn get_tenant_latest_invoice(
-    State(api): State<Arc<Api>>,
-    AuthedPubkey(auth): AuthedPubkey,
-    Path(pubkey): Path<String>,
-) -> ApiResult {
-    api.require_admin_or_tenant(&auth, &pubkey)?;
-    let tenant = api.get_tenant_or_404(&pubkey).await?;
-
-    api.billing.reconcile_subscription(&tenant).await.map_err(internal)?;
-
-    let invoice = query::get_latest_invoice(&pubkey).await.map_err(internal)?;
-
-    ok(invoice)
-}
-
 pub async fn get_invoice(
     State(api): State<Arc<Api>>,
     AuthedPubkey(auth): AuthedPubkey,
@@ -63,3 +43,24 @@ pub async fn get_invoice_bolt11(
 
     ok(serde_json::json!(bolt11))
 }
+
+/// The line items billed on an invoice, for rendering its contents and a
+/// downloadable copy.
+pub async fn list_invoice_items(
+    State(api): State<Arc<Api>>,
+    AuthedPubkey(auth): AuthedPubkey,
+    Path(invoice_id): Path<String>,
+) -> ApiResult {
+    let invoice = query::get_invoice(&invoice_id)
+        .await
+        .map_err(internal)?
+        .ok_or_else(|| not_found("invoice not found"))?;
+
+    api.require_admin_or_tenant(&auth, &invoice.tenant_pubkey)?;
+
+    let items = query::list_invoice_items_for_invoice(&invoice_id)
+        .await
+        .map_err(internal)?;
+
+    ok(items)
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/routes/relays.rs b/backend/src/routes/relays.rs
index ad032fb..c079a7a 100644
--- a/backend/src/routes/relays.rs
+++ b/backend/src/routes/relays.rs
@@ -9,14 +9,12 @@ use regex::Regex;
 use serde::Deserialize;
 
 use crate::api::{Api, AuthedPubkey};
-use crate::{command, infra, query};
-use crate::models::{
-    RELAY_STATUS_ACTIVE, RELAY_STATUS_DELINQUENT, RELAY_STATUS_INACTIVE, Relay,
-};
+use crate::models::{RELAY_STATUS_ACTIVE, RELAY_STATUS_DELINQUENT, RELAY_STATUS_INACTIVE, Relay};
 use crate::web::{
-    ApiError, ApiResult, bad_request, created, internal, map_unique_error, ok,
-    parse_bool_default, unprocessable,
+    ApiError, ApiResult, bad_request, created, internal, map_unique_error, ok, parse_bool_default,
+    unprocessable,
 };
+use crate::{command, infra, query};
 
 pub async fn list_relays(
     State(api): State<Arc<Api>>,
@@ -196,10 +194,7 @@ pub async fn update_relay(
     if plan_changed {
         let selected_plan = query::get_plan(&relay.plan_id).map_err(internal)?;
         if let Some(limit) = selected_plan.members {
-            let current_members = fetch_relay_members(&relay)
-                .await
-                .map_err(internal)?
-                .len() as i64;
+            let current_members = fetch_relay_members(&relay).await.map_err(internal)?.len() as i64;
 
             if current_members > limit {
                 let message = format!(
@@ -231,12 +226,13 @@ pub async fn deactivate_relay(
     }
 
     if relay.status == RELAY_STATUS_INACTIVE {
-        return Err(bad_request("relay-is-inactive", "relay is already inactive"));
+        return Err(bad_request(
+            "relay-is-inactive",
+            "relay is already inactive",
+        ));
     }
 
-    command::deactivate_relay(&relay)
-        .await
-        .map_err(internal)?;
+    command::deactivate_relay(&relay).await.map_err(internal)?;
 
     ok(())
 }
@@ -282,15 +278,21 @@ static SUBDOMAIN_RE: LazyLock<Regex> =
 /// premium features, and coerce the boolean columns to 0/1.
 fn prepare_relay(mut relay: Relay) -> Result<Relay, ApiError> {
     if !SUBDOMAIN_RE.is_match(&relay.subdomain)
-        || RESERVED_SUBDOMAINS.contains(&relay.subdomain.as_str()) {
+        || RESERVED_SUBDOMAINS.contains(&relay.subdomain.as_str())
+    {
         return Err(unprocessable("invalid-subdomain", "subdomain is invalid"));
     }
 
     let plan = query::get_plan(&relay.plan_id)
         .map_err(|_| unprocessable("invalid-plan", "plan not found"))?;
 
-    if (!plan.blossom && relay.blossom_enabled == 1) || (!plan.livekit && relay.livekit_enabled == 1) {
-        return Err(unprocessable("premium-feature", "feature requires a paid plan"));
+    if (!plan.blossom && relay.blossom_enabled == 1)
+        || (!plan.livekit && relay.livekit_enabled == 1)
+    {
+        return Err(unprocessable(
+            "premium-feature",
+            "feature requires a paid plan",
+        ));
     }
 
     relay.policy_public_join = parse_bool_default(relay.policy_public_join, 0);
diff --git a/backend/src/routes/tenants.rs b/backend/src/routes/tenants.rs
index e4e21f1..5943c24 100644
--- a/backend/src/routes/tenants.rs
+++ b/backend/src/routes/tenants.rs
@@ -56,6 +56,21 @@ pub async fn list_tenants(
         .collect::<Vec<_>>())
 }
 
+/// Fetch a tenant by pubkey. Automatically refreshes the tenant's stripe payment data.
+pub async fn get_tenant(
+    State(api): State<Arc<Api>>,
+    AuthedPubkey(auth): AuthedPubkey,
+    Path(pubkey): Path<String>,
+) -> ApiResult {
+    api.require_admin_or_tenant(&auth, &pubkey)?;
+
+    let mut tenant = api.get_tenant_or_404(&pubkey).await?;
+
+    api.billing.sync_stripe_customer(&mut tenant).await.map_err(internal)?;
+
+    ok(TenantResponse::from(tenant))
+}
+
 /// Create the tenant row for the calling pubkey and provision its Stripe
 /// customer. Idempotent: an existing tenant (including one created by a
 /// concurrent unique-constraint race) is returned as-is.
@@ -99,16 +114,6 @@ pub async fn create_tenant(
     }
 }
 
-pub async fn get_tenant(
-    State(api): State<Arc<Api>>,
-    AuthedPubkey(auth): AuthedPubkey,
-    Path(pubkey): Path<String>,
-) -> ApiResult {
-    api.require_admin_or_tenant(&auth, &pubkey)?;
-    let tenant = api.get_tenant_or_404(&pubkey).await?;
-    ok(TenantResponse::from(tenant))
-}
-
 #[derive(Deserialize)]
 pub struct UpdateTenantRequest {
     pub nwc_url: Option<String>,
@@ -136,6 +141,7 @@ pub async fn update_tenant(
     ok(TenantResponse::from(tenant))
 }
 
+/// List a tenant's relays.
 pub async fn list_tenant_relays(
     State(api): State<Arc<Api>>,
     AuthedPubkey(auth): AuthedPubkey,
@@ -149,7 +155,7 @@ pub async fn list_tenant_relays(
     ok(relays)
 }
 
-/// List a tenant's invoices, most recent first.
+/// List a tenant's invoices after reconciling the tenant's billing state.
 pub async fn list_tenant_invoices(
     State(api): State<Arc<Api>>,
     AuthedPubkey(auth): AuthedPubkey,
@@ -157,10 +163,15 @@ pub async fn list_tenant_invoices(
 ) -> ApiResult {
     api.require_admin_or_tenant(&auth, &pubkey)?;
 
-    let invoices = query::list_invoices(&pubkey)
+    let tenant = api.get_tenant_or_404(&pubkey).await?;
+
+    api.billing
+        .reconcile_subscription(&tenant, false)
         .await
         .map_err(internal)?;
 
+    let invoices = query::list_invoices(&pubkey).await.map_err(internal)?;
+
     ok(invoices)
 }
 
diff --git a/backend/src/wallet.rs b/backend/src/wallet.rs
index d8f9e3a..8d23968 100644
--- a/backend/src/wallet.rs
+++ b/backend/src/wallet.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@ pub struct Wallet {
 
 impl Wallet {
     pub fn from_url(url: &str) -> Result<Self> {
-        Ok(Self { url: url.parse::<NostrWalletConnectURI>()? })
+        Ok(Self {
+            url: url.parse::<NostrWalletConnectURI>()?,
+        })
     }
 
     pub async fn make_invoice(
diff --git a/backend/src/web.rs b/backend/src/web.rs
index 494810a..0ad64df 100644
--- a/backend/src/web.rs
+++ b/backend/src/web.rs
@@ -71,7 +71,11 @@ pub fn err(status: StatusCode, code: &str, message: &str) -> ApiError {
 }
 
 pub fn unauthorized(reason: impl Display) -> ApiError {
-    err(StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED, "unauthorized", &reason.to_string())
+    err(
+        StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED,
+        "unauthorized",
+        &reason.to_string(),
+    )
 }
 
 pub fn forbidden(message: &str) -> ApiError {
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/AppShell.tsx b/frontend/src/components/AppShell.tsx
index 7ad9167..e149ed7 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/AppShell.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/AppShell.tsx
@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 import { A, useLocation } from "@solidjs/router"
 import { createEffect, createMemo, createSignal, For, onCleanup, Show } from "solid-js"
 import Fuse from "fuse.js"
-import { primeProfiles, useProfilePicture, useTenant, useTenantRelays, type Relay } from "@/lib/hooks"
-import { invoiceStatus, listTenantInvoices, type Invoice } from "@/lib/api"
+import { primeProfiles, useProfilePicture, useTenantRelays, type Relay } from "@/lib/hooks"
 import { account, eventStore, identity } from "@/lib/state"
 import serverIcon from "@/assets/server.svg"
 import Modal from "@/components/Modal"
-import PaymentDialog from "@/components/PaymentDialog"
+import BillingPrompts from "@/components/BillingPrompts"
 
 type Profile = {
   name?: string
@@ -35,28 +34,10 @@ function RelayIcon() {
 export default function AppShell(props: { children?: any }) {
   const location = useLocation()
   const picture = useProfilePicture(() => account()?.pubkey)
-  const [tenant] = useTenant()
   const [tenantRelays] = useTenantRelays()
   const [profile, setProfile] = createSignal<Profile>({})
   const [searchOpen, setSearchOpen] = createSignal(false)
   const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = createSignal("")
-  const [pastDueInvoice, setPastDueInvoice] = createSignal<Invoice | undefined>()
-  const [showPaymentDialog, setShowPaymentDialog] = createSignal(false)
-
-  createEffect(async () => {
-    const t = tenant()
-    if (!t?.churned_at) {
-      setPastDueInvoice(undefined)
-      return
-    }
-    try {
-      const invoices = await listTenantInvoices(t.pubkey)
-      const openInvoice = invoices.find(inv => invoiceStatus(inv) === "open")
-      setPastDueInvoice(openInvoice)
-    } catch {
-      // ignore
-    }
-  })
 
   const username = createMemo(() => profile().name || profile().display_name || shortenPubkey(account()?.pubkey))
   const nip05 = createMemo(() => profile().nip05 || "No NIP-05")
@@ -158,36 +139,14 @@ export default function AppShell(props: { children?: any }) {
       </aside>
 
       <div class="md:pl-[260px] min-h-screen pb-20 md:pb-0">
-        <Show when={tenant()?.churned_at}>
-          <div class="bg-red-600 text-white px-4 py-3 text-sm flex items-center justify-between">
-            <span>Your account is past due and some relays are paused. Update your payment method to restore service.</span>
-            <Show when={pastDueInvoice()}>
-              <button
-                type="button"
-                onClick={() => setShowPaymentDialog(true)}
-                class="font-medium underline hover:no-underline"
-              >
-                Pay now
-              </button>
-            </Show>
-          </div>
+        {/* Shared billing prompts on every dashboard page; the billing page
+            renders its own contextual (inline) variant instead. */}
+        <Show when={location.pathname !== "/account"}>
+          <BillingPrompts variant="banner" />
         </Show>
         <main>{props.children}</main>
       </div>
 
-      <Show when={pastDueInvoice() && showPaymentDialog()}>
-        {(_) => {
-          const invoice = pastDueInvoice()!
-          return (
-            <PaymentDialog
-              invoice={invoice}
-              open={true}
-              onClose={() => setShowPaymentDialog(false)}
-            />
-          )
-        }}
-      </Show>
-
       <nav
         class="fixed inset-x-0 bottom-0 z-20 border-t border-gray-200 bg-white md:hidden"
         onClick={() => {
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/BillingPrompts.tsx b/frontend/src/components/BillingPrompts.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9605991
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/components/BillingPrompts.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+import { createMemo, createResource, createSignal, Show } from "solid-js"
+import { useSearchParams } from "@solidjs/router"
+import PromptBanner, { type PromptBannerAction } from "@/components/PromptBanner"
+import PaymentDialog from "@/components/PaymentDialog"
+import PaymentSetup from "@/components/PaymentSetup"
+import { getInvoice, type Invoice } from "@/lib/api"
+import { activeBillingPrompt, billingFlowActive, useBillingStatus, type BillingPromptKind } from "@/lib/billing"
+
+type BillingPromptsProps = {
+  // "banner" sits in the dashboard shell (mounted on every page except the
+  // billing page); "inline" is shown contextually on the billing page itself.
+  // Only one is ever mounted at a time, so each can own its own modals + deep link.
+  variant?: "banner" | "inline"
+}
+
+export default function BillingPrompts(props: BillingPromptsProps) {
+  const status = useBillingStatus()
+  const [dismissed, setDismissed] = createSignal<Set<BillingPromptKind>>(new Set())
+  const [payInvoice, setPayInvoice] = createSignal<Invoice | undefined>()
+  const [setupOpen, setSetupOpen] = createSignal(false)
+  const [setupTab, setSetupTab] = createSignal<"nwc" | "card">("nwc")
+
+  // Deep link: /...?invoice=<id> (e.g. from the billing DM) opens the payment
+  // dialog on whatever dashboard page the link lands on.
+  const [searchParams, setSearchParams] = useSearchParams()
+  const [deepLinked] = createResource(
+    () => searchParams.invoice as string | undefined,
+    (id) => getInvoice(id),
+  )
+
+  const prompt = createMemo(() =>
+    activeBillingPrompt(
+      {
+        tenant: status.tenant(),
+        openInvoice: status.openInvoice(),
+        hasPaidSubscription: status.hasPaidSubscription(),
+      },
+      { suppressInline: billingFlowActive() },
+    ),
+  )
+
+  const visiblePrompt = createMemo(() => {
+    const p = prompt()
+    if (!p || dismissed().has(p.kind)) return undefined
+    return p
+  })
+
+  function openSetup(tab: "nwc" | "card") {
+    setSetupTab(tab)
+    setSetupOpen(true)
+  }
+
+  const actions = createMemo<PromptBannerAction[]>(() => {
+    const p = visiblePrompt()
+    if (!p) return []
+    const open = status.openInvoice()
+    switch (p.kind) {
+      case "churned":
+        return open
+          ? [
+              { label: "Pay now", onClick: () => setPayInvoice(open) },
+              { label: "Update payment method", onClick: () => openSetup("nwc") },
+            ]
+          : [{ label: "Update payment method", onClick: () => openSetup("nwc") }]
+      case "pay_invoice":
+        return open ? [{ label: "Pay now", onClick: () => setPayInvoice(open) }] : []
+      case "update_method":
+        return [{ label: "Update payment method", onClick: () => openSetup(status.tenant()?.nwc_error ? "nwc" : "card") }]
+      case "setup_autopay":
+        return [{ label: "Set up autopay", onClick: () => openSetup("nwc") }]
+    }
+    return []
+  })
+
+  const dismissible = () => visiblePrompt()?.kind === "setup_autopay"
+
+  function dismiss() {
+    const p = visiblePrompt()
+    if (p) setDismissed((prev) => new Set(prev).add(p.kind))
+  }
+
+  function clearDeepLink() {
+    if (searchParams.invoice) setSearchParams({ invoice: undefined })
+  }
+
+  const outerClass = () => (props.variant === "inline" ? "" : "mx-4 mt-4 md:mx-6")
+
+  return (
+    <>
+      <Show when={visiblePrompt()}>
+        {(p) => (
+          <PromptBanner
+            severity={p().severity}
+            message={p().message}
+            actions={actions()}
+            onDismiss={dismissible() ? dismiss : undefined}
+            class={outerClass()}
+          />
+        )}
+      </Show>
+
+      {/* Pay an invoice — from a prompt action or a deep link. */}
+      <Show when={payInvoice() ?? deepLinked()}>
+        {(invoice) => (
+          <PaymentDialog
+            invoice={invoice()}
+            open={true}
+            onClose={() => {
+              const wasDeepLink = !payInvoice()
+              setPayInvoice(undefined)
+              if (wasDeepLink) clearDeepLink()
+              status.refetch()
+            }}
+          />
+        )}
+      </Show>
+
+      <PaymentSetup
+        open={setupOpen()}
+        initialTab={setupTab()}
+        onClose={() => {
+          setSetupOpen(false)
+          status.refetch()
+        }}
+      />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/PaymentDialog.tsx b/frontend/src/components/PaymentDialog.tsx
index 76885ec..14d9c78 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/PaymentDialog.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/PaymentDialog.tsx
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
-import { createEffect, createMemo, createSignal, For, Show } from "solid-js"
+import { createEffect, createResource, createSignal, For, Show } from "solid-js"
 import QRCode from "qrcode"
 import Modal from "@/components/Modal"
 import PaymentSetup from "@/components/PaymentSetup"
-import { getInvoice, getInvoiceBolt11, type Invoice } from "@/lib/api"
-import { useTenantRelays } from "@/lib/hooks"
-import { plans } from "@/lib/state"
+import { getInvoice, getInvoiceBolt11, listInvoiceItems, type Invoice } from "@/lib/api"
+import { billingTenant } from "@/lib/state"
 
 type PayStatus = "idle" | "loading" | "success" | "error"
 type Bolt11Status = "idle" | "loading" | "ready" | "error"
@@ -27,14 +26,15 @@ export default function PaymentDialog(props: PaymentDialogProps) {
   const [payError, setPayError] = createSignal("")
   const [showPaymentSetup, setShowPaymentSetup] = createSignal(false)
   const [setupSaved, setSetupSaved] = createSignal(false)
-  const [relays] = useTenantRelays()
+  const [items] = createResource(
+    () => (props.open ? props.invoice.id : undefined),
+    listInvoiceItems,
+  )
 
-  const billedRelays = createMemo(() => {
-    const planById = new Map(plans().map((p) => [p.id, p]))
-    return (relays() ?? [])
-      .map((relay) => ({ relay, plan: planById.get(relay.plan_id) }))
-      .filter((entry) => Boolean(entry.plan?.amount))
-  })
+  const autopayConfigured = () => {
+    const t = billingTenant()
+    return Boolean(t?.nwc_is_set || t?.stripe_payment_method_id)
+  }
 
   async function loadBolt11() {
     if (!props.invoice.id) return
@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ export default function PaymentDialog(props: PaymentDialogProps) {
     setQrDataUrl("")
 
     try {
-      const { bolt11: invoice } = await getInvoiceBolt11(props.invoice.id)
-      setBolt11(invoice)
-      setQrDataUrl(await QRCode.toDataURL(invoice, { width: 256, margin: 2 }))
+      const { lnbc } = await getInvoiceBolt11(props.invoice.id)
+      setBolt11(lnbc)
+      setQrDataUrl(await QRCode.toDataURL(lnbc, { width: 256, margin: 2 }))
       setBolt11Status("ready")
     } catch (e) {
       setBolt11Status("error")
@@ -137,19 +137,16 @@ export default function PaymentDialog(props: PaymentDialogProps) {
           when={payStatus() === "success"}
           fallback={
             <div class="w-full space-y-4">
-              {/* What's being paid for */}
-              <Show when={billedRelays().length > 0}>
+              {/* What's being paid for — the invoice's actual line items */}
+              <Show when={(items() ?? []).length > 0}>
                 <div class="rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-gray-50 p-3">
-                  <p class="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide mb-2">Relays on this invoice</p>
+                  <p class="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide mb-2">On this invoice</p>
                   <ul class="space-y-1.5">
-                    <For each={billedRelays()}>
-                      {({ relay, plan }) => (
+                    <For each={items()}>
+                      {(item) => (
                         <li class="flex items-center justify-between gap-3 text-sm">
-                          <span class="truncate text-gray-900">{relay.info_name || relay.subdomain}</span>
-                          <span class="flex-shrink-0 text-xs text-gray-500">
-                            {plan?.name ?? relay.plan_id}
-                            <Show when={plan}> · ${(plan!.amount / 100).toFixed(2)}/mo</Show>
-                          </span>
+                          <span class="truncate text-gray-900">{item.description}</span>
+                          <span class="flex-shrink-0 text-xs text-gray-500">${(item.amount / 100).toFixed(2)}</span>
                         </li>
                       )}
                     </For>
@@ -221,13 +218,15 @@ export default function PaymentDialog(props: PaymentDialogProps) {
             </div>
             <p class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">Payment confirmed!</p>
             <p class="text-xs text-gray-500">Thank you. Your account is up to date.</p>
-            <button
-              type="button"
-              onClick={() => setShowPaymentSetup(true)}
-              class="mt-2 text-sm font-medium text-blue-600 hover:text-blue-700"
-            >
-              Set up automatic payments
-            </button>
+            <Show when={!autopayConfigured()}>
+              <button
+                type="button"
+                onClick={() => setShowPaymentSetup(true)}
+                class="mt-2 text-sm font-medium text-blue-600 hover:text-blue-700"
+              >
+                Set up automatic payments
+              </button>
+            </Show>
           </div>
         </Show>
       </div>
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/PaymentSetup.tsx b/frontend/src/components/PaymentSetup.tsx
index 9efb438..7449977 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/PaymentSetup.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/PaymentSetup.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { createSignal, Show } from "solid-js"
+import { createEffect, createSignal, Show } from "solid-js"
 import Modal from "@/components/Modal"
 import { updateActiveTenant } from "@/lib/hooks"
 import { createPortalSession } from "@/lib/api"
@@ -10,10 +10,18 @@ type PaymentSetupProps = {
   open: boolean
   onClose: () => void
   onSaved?: () => void
+  // Which method to show first. Lightning/NWC is the default; pass "card" to land
+  // a tenant on the card tab (e.g. when their card is the method that failed).
+  initialTab?: Tab
 }
 
 export default function PaymentSetup(props: PaymentSetupProps) {
-  const [tab, setTab] = createSignal<Tab>("nwc")
+  const [tab, setTab] = createSignal<Tab>(props.initialTab ?? "nwc")
+
+  // Reset to the requested tab each time the dialog opens.
+  createEffect(() => {
+    if (props.open) setTab(props.initialTab ?? "nwc")
+  })
   const [nwcUrl, setNwcUrl] = createSignal("")
   const [saving, setSaving] = createSignal(false)
   const [saved, setSaved] = createSignal(false)
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/PromptBanner.tsx b/frontend/src/components/PromptBanner.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d655cd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/components/PromptBanner.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+import { For, Show } from "solid-js"
+
+export type PromptBannerAction = {
+  label: string
+  onClick: () => void
+}
+
+type Severity = "error" | "warn" | "info"
+
+type PromptBannerProps = {
+  severity: Severity
+  message: string
+  actions?: PromptBannerAction[]
+  onDismiss?: () => void
+  class?: string
+}
+
+const containerStyles: Record<Severity, string> = {
+  error: "border-red-200 bg-red-50 text-red-800",
+  warn: "border-amber-200 bg-amber-50 text-amber-800",
+  info: "border-blue-200 bg-blue-50 text-blue-800",
+}
+
+const actionStyles: Record<Severity, string> = {
+  error: "text-red-800 hover:text-red-900",
+  warn: "text-amber-800 hover:text-amber-900",
+  info: "text-blue-800 hover:text-blue-900",
+}
+
+export default function PromptBanner(props: PromptBannerProps) {
+  return (
+    <div class={`rounded-lg border p-4 flex items-start justify-between gap-4 ${containerStyles[props.severity]} ${props.class ?? ""}`.trim()}>
+      <p class="text-sm min-w-0">{props.message}</p>
+      <div class="flex items-center gap-3 shrink-0">
+        <For each={props.actions ?? []}>
+          {(action) => (
+            <button
+              type="button"
+              onClick={action.onClick}
+              class={`text-sm font-medium underline hover:no-underline whitespace-nowrap ${actionStyles[props.severity]}`}
+            >
+              {action.label}
+            </button>
+          )}
+        </For>
+        <Show when={props.onDismiss}>
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            onClick={() => props.onDismiss?.()}
+            aria-label="Dismiss"
+            class={`shrink-0 opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 ${actionStyles[props.severity]}`}
+          >
+            <svg class="w-4 h-4" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round">
+              <path d="M18 6L6 18M6 6l12 12" />
+            </svg>
+          </button>
+        </Show>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/lib/api.ts b/frontend/src/lib/api.ts
index 576fbf3..2ac6cac 100644
--- a/frontend/src/lib/api.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/lib/api.ts
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ export type Tenant = {
   pubkey: string
   nwc_is_set: boolean
   created_at: number
+  billing_anchor: number | null
   stripe_customer_id: string
   stripe_payment_method_id: string | null
   nwc_error: string | null
@@ -113,6 +114,29 @@ export type Invoice = {
   created_at: number
   paid_at: number | null
   voided_at: number | null
+  method: "nwc" | "stripe" | "oob" | null
+}
+
+export type InvoiceItem = {
+  id: string
+  invoice_id: string | null
+  activity_id: string | null
+  tenant_pubkey: string
+  relay_id: string
+  plan_id: string
+  amount: number
+  description: string
+  created_at: number
+}
+
+export type Bolt11 = {
+  id: string
+  invoice_id: string
+  lnbc: string
+  msats: number
+  created_at: number
+  expires_at: number
+  settled_at: number | null
 }
 
 // The backend models an invoice's lifecycle as timestamps rather than a status
@@ -265,7 +289,11 @@ export function createPortalSession(pubkey: string, returnUrl?: string) {
 }
 
 export function getInvoiceBolt11(invoiceId: string) {
-  return callApi<undefined, { bolt11: string }>("GET", `/invoices/${invoiceId}/bolt11`)
+  return callApi<undefined, Bolt11>("GET", `/invoices/${invoiceId}/bolt11`)
+}
+
+export function listInvoiceItems(invoiceId: string) {
+  return callApi<undefined, InvoiceItem[]>("GET", `/invoices/${invoiceId}/items`)
 }
 
 export function createRelay(input: CreateRelayInput) {
diff --git a/frontend/src/lib/billing.ts b/frontend/src/lib/billing.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42a3128
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/lib/billing.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+import { createMemo, createSignal } from "solid-js"
+import { invoiceStatus, type Invoice, type Tenant } from "@/lib/api"
+import { billingInvoices, billingRelays, billingTenant, plans, refetchBilling } from "@/lib/state"
+
+// Set while the create/upgrade flow drives its own payment/setup modals, so the
+// shared prompt surface doesn't double-prompt for the same invoice. Cleared on
+// every close path of that flow.
+export const [billingFlowActive, setBillingFlowActive] = createSignal(false)
+
+export type BillingPromptKind = "churned" | "pay_invoice" | "update_method" | "setup_autopay"
+
+export type BillingPrompt = {
+  kind: BillingPromptKind
+  severity: "error" | "warn" | "info"
+  message: string
+}
+
+export type BillingStatusSnapshot = {
+  tenant: Tenant | undefined
+  openInvoice: Invoice | undefined
+  hasPaidSubscription: boolean
+}
+
+// The single billing read shared by the dashboard shell and the billing page.
+// `openInvoice` is the OLDEST open, positive invoice — matching the backend's
+// dunning order so the UI pays the same one collection targets.
+export function useBillingStatus() {
+  const tenant = () => billingTenant()
+  const invoices = () => billingInvoices() ?? []
+
+  const openInvoices = createMemo(() =>
+    invoices()
+      .filter((inv) => invoiceStatus(inv) === "open" && inv.amount > 0)
+      .sort((a, b) => a.created_at - b.created_at),
+  )
+  const openInvoice = () => openInvoices()[0]
+
+  // Amount due: the total of all open invoices.
+  const balance = () => openInvoices().reduce((sum, inv) => sum + inv.amount, 0)
+
+  const hasPaidSubscription = createMemo(() => {
+    const planById = new Map(plans().map((p) => [p.id, p]))
+    return (billingRelays() ?? []).some((relay) => {
+      const plan = planById.get(relay.plan_id)
+      return Boolean(plan && plan.amount > 0 && relay.status === "active")
+    })
+  })
+
+  const loading = () => billingTenant.loading || billingInvoices.loading
+
+  return { tenant, invoices, balance, openInvoice, hasPaidSubscription, loading, refetch: refetchBilling }
+}
+
+// Pure priority selector: returns the single highest-priority billing prompt to
+// surface, or null. Priority: churned > pay an open invoice > fix a failed method
+// > set up autopay. `suppressInline` hides the prompts the create/upgrade inline
+// flow already handles (pay_invoice, setup_autopay) while still surfacing churn
+// and method errors.
+export function activeBillingPrompt(
+  s: BillingStatusSnapshot,
+  opts?: { suppressInline?: boolean },
+): BillingPrompt | null {
+  const tenant = s.tenant
+  if (!tenant) return null
+
+  if (tenant.churned_at) {
+    return {
+      kind: "churned",
+      severity: "error",
+      message:
+        "Your account is past due and some relays are paused. Pay your balance or update your payment method to restore service.",
+    }
+  }
+
+  const autopayConfigured = tenant.nwc_is_set || Boolean(tenant.stripe_payment_method_id)
+  const methodError = tenant.nwc_error ?? tenant.stripe_error
+  const suppressInline = opts?.suppressInline ?? false
+
+  if (s.openInvoice && !suppressInline && (!autopayConfigured || methodError)) {
+    return {
+      kind: "pay_invoice",
+      severity: "warn",
+      message: "You have an unpaid invoice. Pay it now to keep your relays running.",
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (methodError) {
+    return {
+      kind: "update_method",
+      severity: "warn",
+      message: tenant.nwc_error
+        ? "Your Lightning wallet couldn't be charged. Update your payment method."
+        : "Your card couldn't be charged. Update your payment method.",
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (s.hasPaidSubscription && !autopayConfigured && !s.openInvoice && !suppressInline) {
+    return {
+      kind: "setup_autopay",
+      severity: "info",
+      message: "Set up automatic payments so your subscription renews without interruption.",
+    }
+  }
+
+  return null
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/lib/state.ts b/frontend/src/lib/state.ts
index 9000256..22ce970 100644
--- a/frontend/src/lib/state.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/lib/state.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import { EventStore } from "applesauce-core"
 import { createEventLoaderForStore } from "applesauce-loaders/loaders"
 import { RelayPool } from "applesauce-relay"
 import { NostrConnectSigner } from "applesauce-signers"
-import { getIdentity, listPlans, registerAccountGetter, type Plan } from "@/lib/api"
+import { getIdentity, getTenant, listPlans, listTenantInvoices, listTenantRelays, registerAccountGetter, type Plan } from "@/lib/api"
 
 export type UnsignedEvent = {
   kind: number
@@ -55,6 +55,22 @@ export const [identity, { refetch: refetchIdentity, mutate: setIdentity }] = cre
   }
 )
 
+// Shared billing reads, fetched once per session and consumed by the dashboard
+// shell, the billing page, and the billing-prompt surface. Keyed on the active
+// pubkey so they refetch on account switch; refetchBilling() refreshes them all
+// after a mutation (payment, method update, plan change).
+const billingKey = () => account()?.pubkey
+
+export const [billingTenant, { refetch: refetchBillingTenant }] = createResource(billingKey, getTenant)
+export const [billingInvoices, { refetch: refetchBillingInvoices }] = createResource(billingKey, listTenantInvoices)
+export const [billingRelays, { refetch: refetchBillingRelays }] = createResource(billingKey, listTenantRelays)
+
+export function refetchBilling() {
+  void refetchBillingTenant()
+  void refetchBillingInvoices()
+  void refetchBillingRelays()
+}
+
 // Deferred to avoid circular-import TDZ errors (api.ts <-> state.ts)
 queueMicrotask(() => {
   try {
diff --git a/frontend/src/lib/useInvoicePdf.ts b/frontend/src/lib/useInvoicePdf.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3dc422f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/lib/useInvoicePdf.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+import { createSignal } from "solid-js"
+import QRCode from "qrcode"
+import { getInvoiceBolt11, invoiceStatus, listInvoiceItems, type Invoice, type InvoiceItem } from "@/lib/api"
+import { PLATFORM_NAME } from "@/lib/state"
+
+const methodLabels: Record<string, string> = {
+  nwc: "Lightning",
+  stripe: "Card",
+  oob: "Lightning (out of band)",
+}
+
+const fmtUsd = (cents: number) => `$${(cents / 100).toFixed(2)}`
+const fmtDate = (seconds: number) => new Date(seconds * 1000).toLocaleDateString()
+
+function escapeHtml(value: string) {
+  const map: Record<string, string> = { "&": "&amp;", "<": "&lt;", ">": "&gt;", '"': "&quot;", "'": "&#39;" }
+  return value.replace(/[&<>"']/g, (c) => map[c])
+}
+
+// Generates a printable invoice and opens the browser's print/save-as-PDF dialog.
+// No PDF dependency: the invoice is rendered as standalone HTML into an off-screen
+// iframe so the current page is never disturbed. The bitcoin line is included only
+// for Lightning-relevant invoices (never card-paid or void) to avoid spuriously
+// minting a bolt11.
+export function useInvoicePdf() {
+  const [printing, setPrinting] = createSignal(false)
+
+  async function printInvoice(invoice: Invoice) {
+    if (printing()) return
+    setPrinting(true)
+    try {
+      const items = await listInvoiceItems(invoice.id).catch(() => [] as InvoiceItem[])
+
+      let sats: number | undefined
+      let qrDataUrl: string | undefined
+      if (invoice.method !== "stripe" && invoice.voided_at == null) {
+        try {
+          const bolt11 = await getInvoiceBolt11(invoice.id)
+          sats = Math.round(bolt11.msats / 1000)
+          if (invoice.paid_at == null) {
+            qrDataUrl = await QRCode.toDataURL(bolt11.lnbc, { width: 180, margin: 1 })
+          }
+        } catch {
+          // no bolt11 available — omit the bitcoin line
+        }
+      }
+
+      printHtml(buildHtml({ invoice, items, sats, qrDataUrl }))
+    } finally {
+      setPrinting(false)
+    }
+  }
+
+  return { printInvoice, printing }
+}
+
+function buildHtml(opts: { invoice: Invoice; items: InvoiceItem[]; sats?: number; qrDataUrl?: string }): string {
+  const { invoice, items, sats, qrDataUrl } = opts
+  const status = invoiceStatus(invoice)
+
+  const rows = items.length
+    ? items
+        .map((i) => `<tr><td>${escapeHtml(i.description || "Charge")}</td><td class="amt">${fmtUsd(i.amount)}</td></tr>`)
+        .join("")
+    : `<tr><td>Relay subscription</td><td class="amt">${fmtUsd(invoice.amount)}</td></tr>`
+
+  const satsRow = sats != null ? `<tr><td>Bitcoin equivalent</td><td class="amt">${sats.toLocaleString()} sats</td></tr>` : ""
+  const methodLine = invoice.method ? `<div>Paid via ${escapeHtml(methodLabels[invoice.method] ?? invoice.method)}</div>` : ""
+  const qr = qrDataUrl
+    ? `<div class="qr"><img src="${qrDataUrl}" alt="Lightning invoice QR"/><div class="muted">Scan to pay by Lightning</div></div>`
+    : ""
+
+  return `<!doctype html><html><head><meta charset="utf-8"><title>Invoice ${escapeHtml(invoice.id)}</title>
+  <style>
+    * { font-family: ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; color: #111827; box-sizing: border-box; }
+    body { margin: 40px; }
+    h1 { font-size: 20px; margin: 0 0 4px; }
+    .muted { color: #6b7280; font-size: 12px; }
+    .head { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: flex-start; margin-bottom: 24px; }
+    .badge { text-transform: capitalize; border: 1px solid #d1d5db; border-radius: 9999px; padding: 2px 10px; font-size: 12px; }
+    .meta { font-size: 13px; color: #374151; line-height: 1.6; word-break: break-all; }
+    table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin-top: 20px; }
+    th, td { text-align: left; padding: 8px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb; font-size: 14px; }
+    .amt { text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; }
+    tfoot td { font-weight: 600; border-bottom: none; border-top: 2px solid #111827; }
+    .qr { margin-top: 28px; text-align: center; }
+  </style></head>
+  <body>
+    <div class="head">
+      <div><h1>${escapeHtml(PLATFORM_NAME)}</h1><div class="muted">Invoice</div></div>
+      <span class="badge">${status}</span>
+    </div>
+    <div class="meta">
+      <div>Invoice ID: ${escapeHtml(invoice.id)}</div>
+      <div>Billed to: ${escapeHtml(invoice.tenant_pubkey)}</div>
+      <div>Issued: ${fmtDate(invoice.created_at)}</div>
+      <div>Period: ${fmtDate(invoice.period_start)} &ndash; ${fmtDate(invoice.period_end)}</div>
+      ${methodLine}
+    </div>
+    <table>
+      <thead><tr><th>Description</th><th class="amt">Amount</th></tr></thead>
+      <tbody>${rows}${satsRow}</tbody>
+      <tfoot><tr><td>Total</td><td class="amt">${fmtUsd(invoice.amount)}</td></tr></tfoot>
+    </table>
+    ${qr}
+  </body></html>`
+}
+
+function printHtml(html: string) {
+  const iframe = document.createElement("iframe")
+  iframe.style.position = "fixed"
+  iframe.style.right = "0"
+  iframe.style.bottom = "0"
+  iframe.style.width = "0"
+  iframe.style.height = "0"
+  iframe.style.border = "0"
+  document.body.appendChild(iframe)
+
+  const win = iframe.contentWindow
+  const doc = win?.document
+  if (!win || !doc) {
+    iframe.remove()
+    return
+  }
+
+  doc.open()
+  doc.write(html)
+  doc.close()
+
+  const cleanup = () => window.setTimeout(() => iframe.remove(), 1000)
+  win.onafterprint = cleanup
+
+  // Let the iframe lay out (and decode the QR image) before printing.
+  window.setTimeout(() => {
+    win.focus()
+    win.print()
+    window.setTimeout(cleanup, 60000)
+  }, 150)
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/lib/useRelayToggles.ts b/frontend/src/lib/useRelayToggles.ts
index 4f2eff2..f88561f 100644
--- a/frontend/src/lib/useRelayToggles.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/lib/useRelayToggles.ts
@@ -104,8 +104,13 @@ export default function useRelayToggles(
     if (plan_id !== "free") {
       const needsSetup = await tenantNeedsPaymentSetup()
       if (needsSetup) {
+        // Materialize the invoice for this upgrade (no collection, no DM) so we
+        // can prompt the tenant to pay it directly. listTenantInvoices reconciles
+        // first, so a just-created invoice is visible here.
         const invoice = await getLatestOpenInvoice()
-        if (invoice) setPendingInvoice(invoice)
+        if (invoice) {
+          setPendingInvoice(invoice)
+        }
         setPendingPaymentSetup(true)
       }
     }
diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/Account.tsx b/frontend/src/pages/Account.tsx
index 299629c..a6446c4 100644
--- a/frontend/src/pages/Account.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/Account.tsx
@@ -1,48 +1,61 @@
-import { createEffect, createMemo, createResource, createSignal, For, Show } from "solid-js"
-import { useSearchParams } from "@solidjs/router"
+import { createEffect, createMemo, createSignal, For, Show } from "solid-js"
 import PageContainer from "@/components/PageContainer"
 import LoadingState from "@/components/LoadingState"
 import PaymentDialog from "@/components/PaymentDialog"
+import BillingPrompts from "@/components/BillingPrompts"
 import useMinLoading from "@/components/useMinLoading"
-import { updateActiveTenant, useTenant } from "@/lib/hooks"
-import { createPortalSession, getInvoice, invoiceStatus, listTenantInvoices, type Invoice } from "@/lib/api"
+import { useInvoicePdf } from "@/lib/useInvoicePdf"
+import { updateActiveTenant } from "@/lib/hooks"
+import { useBillingStatus } from "@/lib/billing"
+import { createPortalSession, invoiceStatus, type Invoice } from "@/lib/api"
 import { account } from "@/lib/state"
 
+const methodLabels: Record<string, string> = {
+  nwc: "Lightning",
+  stripe: "Card",
+  oob: "Lightning",
+}
+
+const invoiceStatusStyles: Record<string, string> = {
+  open: "bg-yellow-50 text-yellow-700 border-yellow-200",
+  paid: "bg-green-50 text-green-700 border-green-200",
+  void: "bg-gray-100 text-gray-500 border-gray-200",
+}
+
 export default function Account() {
-  const [tenant, { refetch: refetchTenant }] = useTenant()
-  const [invoices, { refetch: refetchInvoices }] = createResource(() => listTenantInvoices(account()!.pubkey))
+  const billing = useBillingStatus()
   const [nwcUrl, setNwcUrl] = createSignal("")
   const [saving, setSaving] = createSignal(false)
   const [error, setError] = createSignal("")
   const [selectedInvoice, setSelectedInvoice] = createSignal<Invoice | undefined>()
   const [portalLoading, setPortalLoading] = createSignal(false)
-  const invoicesLoading = useMinLoading(() => invoices.loading)
+  const invoicesLoading = useMinLoading(() => billing.loading())
+  const { printInvoice, printing } = useInvoicePdf()
 
-  // Deep link: /account?invoice=<id> (e.g. from the billing DM) fetches that
-  // invoice and opens the payment dialog. The fetched invoice takes precedence
-  // over a row the user clicked in the list.
-  const [searchParams, setSearchParams] = useSearchParams()
-  const [deepLinkedInvoice] = createResource(
-    () => searchParams.invoice as string | undefined,
-    (id) => getInvoice(id),
-  )
+  // On landing here (the billing portal returns to this page), refresh billing so
+  // a card just added in the portal — which get_tenant syncs onto the tenant — and
+  // any cleared error show immediately rather than only on the next reconcile.
   createEffect(() => {
-    if (deepLinkedInvoice.error) setError("Couldn't load that invoice. It may no longer be available.")
+    if (account()?.pubkey) billing.refetch()
   })
-  const activeInvoice = () => selectedInvoice() ?? deepLinkedInvoice()
 
   // The backend never returns the stored nwc_url (it's private), so the input is
   // write-only: we can only act on a newly entered URL, not prefill the saved one.
   const hasBillingChanges = createMemo(() => nwcUrl().trim().length > 0)
 
+  // The amount to surface: the total of any open invoices, else nothing owed.
+  const balance = createMemo(() => {
+    const due = billing.balance()
+    return due > 0 ? { kind: "due" as const, amount: due } : { kind: "clear" as const, amount: 0 }
+  })
+
   async function saveBilling() {
     setError("")
     setSaving(true)
     try {
-      const next = nwcUrl().trim()
-      await updateActiveTenant({ nwc_url: next })
+      await updateActiveTenant({ nwc_url: nwcUrl().trim() })
       setNwcUrl("")
-      await refetchTenant()
+      billing.refetch()
     } catch (e) {
       setError(e instanceof Error ? e.message : "Failed to update billing")
     } finally {
@@ -50,13 +63,6 @@ export default function Account() {
     }
   }
 
-  function handleInvoiceDialogClose() {
-    setSelectedInvoice(undefined)
-    // Clearing the query param drops the deep-linked invoice and closes the dialog.
-    if (searchParams.invoice) setSearchParams({ invoice: undefined })
-    void refetchInvoices()
-  }
-
   async function openPortal() {
     setPortalLoading(true)
     try {
@@ -74,12 +80,6 @@ export default function Account() {
     window.location.href = "/"
   }
 
-  const invoiceStatusStyles: Record<string, string> = {
-    open: "bg-yellow-50 text-yellow-700 border-yellow-200",
-    paid: "bg-green-50 text-green-700 border-green-200",
-    void: "bg-gray-100 text-gray-500 border-gray-200",
-  }
-
   return (
     <PageContainer>
       <div class="mb-6 py-2 flex items-center justify-between gap-3">
@@ -94,10 +94,13 @@ export default function Account() {
       </div>
 
       <div class="space-y-6">
+        {/* Billing prompts, emphasized contextually on the billing page. */}
+        <BillingPrompts variant="inline" />
+
         <section class="bg-white border border-gray-200 rounded-xl p-6">
           <div class="flex items-center justify-between gap-3">
             <h2 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Account Status</h2>
-            <Show when={tenant()}>
+            <Show when={billing.tenant()}>
               <span class="rounded-full border border-gray-300 bg-gray-100 px-2.5 py-1 text-xs font-medium uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-700">
                 tenant
               </span>
@@ -117,10 +120,22 @@ export default function Account() {
               {portalLoading() ? "Loading..." : "Manage Billing"}
             </button>
           </div>
+
+          {/* Current balance */}
+          <div class="mb-4 rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-gray-50 px-4 py-3">
+            <p class="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">Current balance</p>
+            <Show
+              when={balance().kind === "due"}
+              fallback={<p class="text-sm text-gray-600 mt-1">You're all paid up.</p>}
+            >
+              <p class="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 mt-0.5">${(balance().amount / 100).toFixed(2)} <span class="text-sm font-normal text-gray-500">due</span></p>
+            </Show>
+          </div>
+
           <p class="text-sm text-gray-600 mb-4">
-            Enable automatic payments by providing your Nostr Wallet Connect URL.
+            Enable automatic payments by providing your Nostr Wallet Connect URL, or add a card via Manage Billing.
           </p>
-          <Show when={tenant()?.nwc_is_set}>
+          <Show when={billing.tenant()?.nwc_is_set}>
             <p class="text-sm text-green-700 mb-4">A wallet is connected. Enter a new URL to replace it.</p>
           </Show>
           <div class="flex gap-2">
@@ -140,17 +155,6 @@ export default function Account() {
               {saving() ? "Saving..." : "Save"}
             </button>
           </div>
-          <Show when={tenant()?.churned_at}>
-            <p class="mb-4 rounded-lg border border-red-200 bg-red-50 px-3 py-2 text-sm text-red-700">
-              Your account is past due and some relays have been paused. Update your payment method below to restore service.
-            </p>
-          </Show>
-          <Show when={tenant()?.nwc_error}>
-            <p class="mt-3 text-sm text-red-600">Lightning auto-payment failed: {tenant()!.nwc_error}</p>
-          </Show>
-          <Show when={tenant()?.stripe_error}>
-            <p class="mt-3 text-sm text-red-600">Card auto-payment failed: {tenant()!.stripe_error}</p>
-          </Show>
           <Show when={error()}>
             <p class="mt-3 text-sm text-red-600">{error()}</p>
           </Show>
@@ -162,9 +166,9 @@ export default function Account() {
             <LoadingState message="Loading invoices..." paddingClass="py-8" />
           </Show>
           <Show when={!invoicesLoading()}>
-            <Show when={(invoices()?.length ?? 0) > 0} fallback={<p class="text-gray-500 text-sm">No invoices yet.</p>}>
+            <Show when={billing.invoices().length > 0} fallback={<p class="text-gray-500 text-sm">No invoices yet.</p>}>
               <ul class="space-y-3">
-                <For each={invoices()}>
+                <For each={billing.invoices()}>
                   {(invoice) => {
                     const status = () => invoiceStatus(invoice)
                     const isOpen = () => status() === "open"
@@ -186,6 +190,9 @@ export default function Account() {
                             <span class="font-medium text-gray-900">
                               ${(invoice.amount / 100).toFixed(2)}
                             </span>
+                            <Show when={invoice.method}>
+                              <span class="text-xs text-gray-500"> · paid via {methodLabels[invoice.method!] ?? invoice.method}</span>
+                            </Show>
                             <Show when={invoice.period_start && invoice.period_end}>
                               <p class="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{periodLabel()}</p>
                             </Show>
@@ -197,6 +204,17 @@ export default function Account() {
                             <span class={`inline-flex items-center rounded-full border px-2.5 py-0.5 text-xs font-medium capitalize ${statusStyle()}`}>
                               {status()}
                             </span>
+                            <button
+                              type="button"
+                              onClick={(e) => {
+                                e.stopPropagation()
+                                void printInvoice(invoice)
+                              }}
+                              disabled={printing()}
+                              class="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-800 underline disabled:opacity-50"
+                            >
+                              PDF
+                            </button>
                           </div>
                         </div>
                       </li>
@@ -209,12 +227,15 @@ export default function Account() {
         </section>
       </div>
 
-      <Show when={activeInvoice()}>
+      <Show when={selectedInvoice()}>
         {(invoice) => (
           <PaymentDialog
             invoice={invoice()}
             open={true}
-            onClose={handleInvoiceDialogClose}
+            onClose={() => {
+              setSelectedInvoice(undefined)
+              billing.refetch()
+            }}
           />
         )}
       </Show>
diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/relays/RelayDetail.tsx b/frontend/src/pages/relays/RelayDetail.tsx
index 9443d3a..aa10329 100644
--- a/frontend/src/pages/relays/RelayDetail.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/relays/RelayDetail.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { useParams } from "@solidjs/router"
-import { createEffect, createMemo, createResource, createSignal, Show } from "solid-js"
+import { createEffect, createResource, createSignal, onCleanup, Show } from "solid-js"
 import BackLink from "@/components/BackLink"
 import PageContainer from "@/components/PageContainer"
 import PaymentDialog from "@/components/PaymentDialog"
@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ import ResourceState from "@/components/ResourceState"
 import useMinLoading from "@/components/useMinLoading"
 import ActivityFeed from "@/components/ActivityFeed"
 import { listRelayMembers } from "@/lib/api"
-import { getLatestOpenInvoice, useRelay, useRelayActivity, useTenant } from "@/lib/hooks"
+import { useRelay, useRelayActivity } from "@/lib/hooks"
 import useRelayToggles from "@/lib/useRelayToggles"
-import { plans } from "@/lib/state"
+import { setBillingFlowActive } from "@/lib/billing"
+import { refetchBilling } from "@/lib/state"
 
 export default function RelayDetail() {
   const params = useParams()
@@ -30,10 +31,7 @@ export default function RelayDetail() {
   const [activity] = useRelayActivity(relayId)
   const { busy, handleDeactivate, handleReactivate, handleUpdatePlan, pendingInvoice, clearPendingInvoice, pendingPaymentSetup, clearPendingPaymentSetup, toggles } = useRelayToggles(relayId, relay, { refetch, mutate })
 
-  const [tenant, { refetch: refetchTenant }] = useTenant()
   const [paymentSetupOpen, setPaymentSetupOpen] = createSignal(false)
-  const [invoiceDialogOpen, setInvoiceDialogOpen] = createSignal(false)
-  const [paymentBannerDismissed, setPaymentBannerDismissed] = createSignal(false)
 
   createEffect(() => {
     if (pendingPaymentSetup() && !pendingInvoice()) {
@@ -42,25 +40,10 @@ export default function RelayDetail() {
     }
   })
 
-  const isPaidRelay = createMemo(() => {
-    const r = relay()
-    if (!r) return false
-    const plan = plans().find(p => p.id === r.plan_id)
-    return !!(plan && plan.amount > 0)
-  })
-
-  const [openInvoice, { refetch: refetchOpenInvoice }] = createResource(
-    isPaidRelay,
-    async (paid) => paid ? getLatestOpenInvoice() : null
-  )
-
-  const showPaymentNudge = createMemo(() => {
-    if (paymentBannerDismissed()) return false
-    if (!isPaidRelay()) return false
-    const t = tenant()
-    if (!t) return false
-    return !t.nwc_is_set && !t.stripe_payment_method_id
-  })
+  // Suppress the shared banner's redundant pay/setup prompts while this page's
+  // own inline plan-change modals are open.
+  createEffect(() => setBillingFlowActive(Boolean(pendingInvoice()) || paymentSetupOpen()))
+  onCleanup(() => setBillingFlowActive(false))
 
   return (
     <PageContainer>
@@ -69,44 +52,6 @@ export default function RelayDetail() {
       <Show when={!loading() && relay()}>
         {(r) => (
           <div class="space-y-6 mb-6">
-            <Show when={showPaymentNudge()}>
-              <div class="rounded-lg border border-amber-200 bg-amber-50 p-4 flex items-start justify-between gap-4">
-                <div class="min-w-0">
-                  <p class="text-sm font-medium text-amber-800">Payment setup recommended</p>
-                  <p class="text-sm text-amber-700 mt-1">
-                    This relay is on a paid plan. Invoices are due when your subscription starts. Set up NWC or Stripe for automatic payments, or pay open invoices via Lightning.
-                  </p>
-                </div>
-                <div class="flex items-center gap-3 shrink-0">
-                  <Show when={openInvoice()}>
-                    <button
-                      type="button"
-                      onClick={() => setInvoiceDialogOpen(true)}
-                      class="text-sm font-medium text-amber-800 underline hover:text-amber-900 whitespace-nowrap"
-                    >
-                      Pay invoice
-                    </button>
-                  </Show>
-                  <button
-                    type="button"
-                    onClick={() => setPaymentSetupOpen(true)}
-                    class="text-sm font-medium text-amber-800 underline hover:text-amber-900 whitespace-nowrap"
-                  >
-                    Set up payments
-                  </button>
-                  <button
-                    type="button"
-                    onClick={() => setPaymentBannerDismissed(true)}
-                    aria-label="Dismiss"
-                    class="text-amber-500 hover:text-amber-800 shrink-0"
-                  >
-                    <svg class="w-4 h-4" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round">
-                      <path d="M18 6L6 18M6 6l12 12" />
-                    </svg>
-                  </button>
-                </div>
-              </div>
-            </Show>
             <RelayDetailCard
               relay={r()}
               currentMembers={members()?.length}
@@ -129,20 +74,7 @@ export default function RelayDetail() {
             open={true}
             onClose={() => {
               clearPendingInvoice()
-              void refetchTenant()
-              void refetchOpenInvoice()
-            }}
-          />
-        )}
-      </Show>
-      <Show when={openInvoice()}>
-        {(inv) => (
-          <PaymentDialog
-            invoice={inv()!}
-            open={invoiceDialogOpen()}
-            onClose={() => {
-              setInvoiceDialogOpen(false)
-              void refetchOpenInvoice()
+              void refetchBilling()
             }}
           />
         )}
@@ -151,7 +83,7 @@ export default function RelayDetail() {
         open={paymentSetupOpen()}
         onClose={() => {
           setPaymentSetupOpen(false)
-          void refetchTenant()
+          void refetchBilling()
         }}
       />
     </PageContainer>
diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/relays/RelayNew.tsx b/frontend/src/pages/relays/RelayNew.tsx
index 30094df..1b9cc29 100644
--- a/frontend/src/pages/relays/RelayNew.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/pages/relays/RelayNew.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { createSignal, Show } from "solid-js"
+import { createEffect, createSignal, onCleanup, Show } from "solid-js"
 import { useNavigate } from "@solidjs/router"
 import BackLink from "@/components/BackLink"
 import PageContainer from "@/components/PageContainer"
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import PaymentSetup from "@/components/PaymentSetup"
 import RelayForm, { type RelayFormValues } from "@/components/RelayForm"
 import { createRelayForActiveTenant, getLatestOpenInvoice, tenantNeedsPaymentSetup } from "@/lib/hooks"
 import type { Invoice } from "@/lib/api"
+import { setBillingFlowActive } from "@/lib/billing"
+import { refetchBilling } from "@/lib/state"
 
 export default function RelayNew() {
   const navigate = useNavigate()
@@ -14,13 +16,22 @@ export default function RelayNew() {
   const [paymentSetupOpen, setPaymentSetupOpen] = createSignal(false)
   let createdRelayId = ""
 
+  // While this flow's inline modals are open, suppress the shared banner's
+  // overlapping pay/setup prompts (it still surfaces churn / method errors).
+  createEffect(() => setBillingFlowActive(Boolean(pendingInvoice()) || paymentSetupOpen()))
+  onCleanup(() => setBillingFlowActive(false))
+
   async function handleSubmit(values: RelayFormValues) {
     const relay = await createRelayForActiveTenant(values)
     createdRelayId = relay.id
+    void refetchBilling()
 
     if (values.plan_id !== "free") {
       const needsSetup = await tenantNeedsPaymentSetup()
       if (needsSetup) {
+        // Materialize the invoice for this change (no collection, no DM) so we
+        // can prompt the tenant to pay it directly. listTenantInvoices reconciles
+        // first, so a just-created invoice is visible here.
         const invoice = await getLatestOpenInvoice()
         if (invoice) {
           setPendingInvoice(invoice)
@@ -41,6 +52,7 @@ export default function RelayNew() {
 
   function handleSetupClose() {
     setPaymentSetupOpen(false)
+    void refetchBilling()
     navigate(`/relays/${createdRelayId}`)
   }